South africa
Notes
Boer War
- The second Boer War is the most important, 1899.
- Germany was deemed more powerful.
- England wants to appear powerful and rule with an iron fist.
- “A man defending Athens is worth 10 attacking”, Afrikaans don’t give up easily.
- English are getting shit kicked. Turn to dirty tactics to get them through the war.
- Cecil Rhodes and Lord Kitchener are responsible for winning the South Africa War.
- Kitchener ethics are questionable. Man to man Africans are beating the English.
- English develop the first concentration camp.
- English capture Women and Children, and put them in the camps. Burned the farms down and destroyed their homes.
- Through this method the Boers had to fight on the English terms.
- Gave the Boers no choice but to act. English ended up winning from tactics.
- England reclaim control - English recognize that it had a lot to do with their international reputation.
- English granted South Africa Common Wealth status.
- Begin to rebuild South Africa, developed Afrikaans structure.
- Bantus were left out of the deal. 80% of the population. 20% white domination.
- Bantus wanted political Voice. Developed African National Congress, (ANC).
- 20% believed they were dominated, GOD is Dead.
- When World War II broke out, Afrikaans supported Hitler. Hitler tries to scientifically prove that the Aryan race is better.
- 1948, Election happens.
- The nationalist party is developed.
- Party believed that the problem was that the whites always had to pick up after the whites. Introduced the idea of Apartheid. Separation of Black and White.
- Under leadership of Daniel Francois Malan. First step of his race, classification. Develop White, colored, mixed, and Black. Interbreeding was illegal.
- 1950, Group Areas Act was granted. Geographic Seperation. Leads to separate Amenities act. Black White Bathrooms, Churches, Hospitals, Bus. Black people would walk on the street, whites would walk on the sidewalk.
- This was also happening in the United States
- Canada had a degree of influence, as they looked at the residential schools and how we handled the aboriginal groups
- South had everything separated, sports, where they could walk, identity cards allowed access to limited areas
- Creation of White towns, apartheid regime method of "hanging themselves"
- 1966 "Homelands" idea from reserves in Canada, called Bantustans; bad land given to the blacks to live
- Unfair distripution of land
- Legal separation meant blacks could not enter white land and vice versa
- 80% of land (good land given to white) around 13% given to the majority (blacks) given the undesireable land
- No diplomatic situation could be reached as they did not want to settle
- ANC, leader Albert Luthuli takes the idea from Ghandi and non violent forms of protest, by not listening to what they were told to do. Believed to work as the blacks were majority
- 1960 Sharpesville massacre, peaceful protest where the south african police and use brutality and harsh measures to get rid of unarmed people. 70 people killed, 180-190 peopled injured
- Went into state of emergency, and blacks on streets were found to be in constant danger
- Other leaders of ANC were not in favor of the "Ghandi approach"
- Nelson mandela forms Spear of the Nation considered to be a terrorist organization
- Used violence to overthrow the south African government
- This group would commit acts of terror blow stuff up, more militant members would tie people up and light people on fire, cause damage to property
- Mandela charged with treason 1956, he was aquitted in 1961
- As a result Mandela and the Spear of the Nation would result to violence
- Nelson Mandela gets caught and arrested and sentenced to life in prison 1964 Robyn Island, released in 1989
- When he was released he was not bent on getting revenge
- Critics of what was happening in South Africa after Sharpesville were Canada, Great Britain, and Australia. These countries condemn South Africa
- In response to the critics, South Africa pulls out of the commonwealth in 1961
- 1970's South African government realizes that they are in trouble
- They realize how many "foreign natives" they have
- 1974 Soweto uprising, South African town, apartheid regime plans to obliterate black culture
- The Afrikaans Medium Decree stated that all schools were allowed to learn one of two languages, Afrikaans and English. Made it so the essential culture of the blacks, was "forbidden"
- Bantu Stands were another form of erasing cultures from the masses, they were segregated and isolated not from just the whites but other black communities
- Once the Afrikaans Medium Decree was declared the blacks rise up to protest in Soweto
- Police (1500) arrive at Soweto uprising, open fire and kill approx 600 people during protest
- Soweto becomes a highlight in the view of the world, sanctions are put on South Africa
- Whites with in South Africa tip the balance, university students with the help of the external pressure from Great Britain, Canada, and Australia are able to cause a shift within this nation
- 1985 a state of emergency was put in place, people are allowed to be arrested for no reason, could be held for six months and renewed
- 1989 De Klerk comes into power in South Africa, Legalizes the ANC with the hopes to give the blacks a voice
- Mandela is in prison, and De Klerk releases Mandela
- 1993 Mandela and De Klerk receive the Noble Peace Price
- Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Mandela says we need to stop and allow whites to come out and confess and we can forgive and move forward.
Boer War
- The second Boer War is the most important, 1899.
- Germany was deemed more powerful.
- England wants to appear powerful and rule with an iron fist.
- “A man defending Athens is worth 10 attacking”, Afrikaans don’t give up easily.
- English are getting shit kicked. Turn to dirty tactics to get them through the war.
- Cecil Rhodes and Lord Kitchener are responsible for winning the South Africa War.
- Kitchener ethics are questionable. Man to man Africans are beating the English.
- English develop the first concentration camp.
- English capture Women and Children, and put them in the camps. Burned the farms down and destroyed their homes.
- Through this method the Boers had to fight on the English terms.
- Gave the Boers no choice but to act. English ended up winning from tactics.
- England reclaim control - English recognize that it had a lot to do with their international reputation.
- English granted South Africa Common Wealth status.
- Begin to rebuild South Africa, developed Afrikaans structure.
- Bantus were left out of the deal. 80% of the population. 20% white domination.
- Bantus wanted political Voice. Developed African National Congress, (ANC).
- 20% believed they were dominated, GOD is Dead.
- When World War II broke out, Afrikaans supported Hitler. Hitler tries to scientifically prove that the Aryan race is better.
- 1948, Election happens.
- The nationalist party is developed.
- Party believed that the problem was that the whites always had to pick up after the whites. Introduced the idea of Apartheid. Separation of Black and White.
- Under leadership of Daniel Francois Malan. First step of his race, classification. Develop White, colored, mixed, and Black. Interbreeding was illegal.
- 1950, Group Areas Act was granted. Geographic Seperation. Leads to separate Amenities act. Black White Bathrooms, Churches, Hospitals, Bus. Black people would walk on the street, whites would walk on the sidewalk.
- This was also happening in the United States
- Canada had a degree of influence, as they looked at the residential schools and how we handled the aboriginal groups
- South had everything separated, sports, where they could walk, identity cards allowed access to limited areas
- Creation of White towns, apartheid regime method of "hanging themselves"
- 1966 "Homelands" idea from reserves in Canada, called Bantustans; bad land given to the blacks to live
- Unfair distripution of land
- Legal separation meant blacks could not enter white land and vice versa
- 80% of land (good land given to white) around 13% given to the majority (blacks) given the undesireable land
- No diplomatic situation could be reached as they did not want to settle
- ANC, leader Albert Luthuli takes the idea from Ghandi and non violent forms of protest, by not listening to what they were told to do. Believed to work as the blacks were majority
- 1960 Sharpesville massacre, peaceful protest where the south african police and use brutality and harsh measures to get rid of unarmed people. 70 people killed, 180-190 peopled injured
- Went into state of emergency, and blacks on streets were found to be in constant danger
- Other leaders of ANC were not in favor of the "Ghandi approach"
- Nelson mandela forms Spear of the Nation considered to be a terrorist organization
- Used violence to overthrow the south African government
- This group would commit acts of terror blow stuff up, more militant members would tie people up and light people on fire, cause damage to property
- Mandela charged with treason 1956, he was aquitted in 1961
- As a result Mandela and the Spear of the Nation would result to violence
- Nelson Mandela gets caught and arrested and sentenced to life in prison 1964 Robyn Island, released in 1989
- When he was released he was not bent on getting revenge
- Critics of what was happening in South Africa after Sharpesville were Canada, Great Britain, and Australia. These countries condemn South Africa
- In response to the critics, South Africa pulls out of the commonwealth in 1961
- 1970's South African government realizes that they are in trouble
- They realize how many "foreign natives" they have
- 1974 Soweto uprising, South African town, apartheid regime plans to obliterate black culture
- The Afrikaans Medium Decree stated that all schools were allowed to learn one of two languages, Afrikaans and English. Made it so the essential culture of the blacks, was "forbidden"
- Bantu Stands were another form of erasing cultures from the masses, they were segregated and isolated not from just the whites but other black communities
- Once the Afrikaans Medium Decree was declared the blacks rise up to protest in Soweto
- Police (1500) arrive at Soweto uprising, open fire and kill approx 600 people during protest
- Soweto becomes a highlight in the view of the world, sanctions are put on South Africa
- Whites with in South Africa tip the balance, university students with the help of the external pressure from Great Britain, Canada, and Australia are able to cause a shift within this nation
- 1985 a state of emergency was put in place, people are allowed to be arrested for no reason, could be held for six months and renewed
- 1989 De Klerk comes into power in South Africa, Legalizes the ANC with the hopes to give the blacks a voice
- Mandela is in prison, and De Klerk releases Mandela
- 1993 Mandela and De Klerk receive the Noble Peace Price
- Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Mandela says we need to stop and allow whites to come out and confess and we can forgive and move forward.
3 2 1
Racism , Violence, Apartheid
How would the world be different if Nelson Mandela never got out of Prison ?
What was the greatest impact that the conflict in South Africa made on the world ?
Amandla=Awethu
Racism , Violence, Apartheid
How would the world be different if Nelson Mandela never got out of Prison ?
What was the greatest impact that the conflict in South Africa made on the world ?
Amandla=Awethu